HEALTHPLAN MAGAZINE

Spain is known for its diverse tax landscape, with variations in tax burdens across different municipalities and autonomous communities. In this article, we explore the municipalities and autonomous communities that offer the most favourable tax conditions, allowing citizens to maximise their income. From lower income tax rates to advantageous inheritance and gift tax policies, understanding these regional differences is crucial for individuals considering a move or property purchase in Spain.

Understanding Spain's Tax Collection Structure

In Spain, taxes are collected at various levels: state, regional, and municipal. Each level has its own set of tax obligations, resulting in variations in the amount of tax payable depending on the residence. While the central government collects taxes such as personal income tax, value-added tax (VAT), and special taxes, autonomous communities have regulatory authority over taxes related to property, inheritance, donations, patrimonial transmissions, and documented legal acts. Moreover, regional governments can also introduce their own taxes, further influencing the overall tax burden.

Insights from the Institute of Economic Studies

According to the Institute of Economic Studies (IEE), which conducted a comprehensive analysis, the fiscal competitiveness of 141 Spanish municipalities with over 50,000 inhabitants was evaluated. The study aimed to compare the tax burdens imposed on citizens across these municipalities. The results shed light on the municipalities that offer the most tax-friendly environments for individuals.

Municipalities with the Lowest Tax Burden

When it comes to municipal taxes, some locations in Spain shine for their lower tax burdens. Boadilla del Monte, Majadahonda, and Las Rozas in the Madrid region, along with Arrecife in Las Palmas, emerge as the municipalities with the best aggregate fiscal competitiveness. These municipalities are characterised by their favourable tax policies, enabling residents to pay fewer taxes. Conversely, Reus, Girona, and Sanlúcar de Barrameda face higher tax burdens.

Autonomous Communities with Lower Tax Pressure

Not only do municipalities differ in their tax policies, but autonomous communities also play a role in shaping the overall tax landscape in Spain. Among the autonomous communities, Madrid, the Basque Country, and the Canary Islands stand out as regions with the lowest tax burdens. These areas provide residents with more favourable tax conditions compared to others. On the contrary, Catalonia, Valencia, and Aragon are identified as regions with higher tax burdens.

Income Tax Variation

Income tax, known as Personal Income Tax (IRPF) in Spain, varies depending on the autonomous community. Madrid boasts the lowest rates, with percentages ranging from 9% to 18.5% for salaries below 20,000 euros. On the other hand, Catalonia imposes higher rates, ranging from 12% to 21.5% for the same income bracket. Even beyond the 20,000 euro threshold, Madrid remains a favourable location for lower income tax rates compared to other regions.

Wealth Tax Variations

Wealth tax, which applies to individuals' net worth, exists in all communities, but certain regions offer bonuses and exemptions. The Community of Madrid and Andalusia provide a 100% bonus, effectively exempting residents from this tax. Galicia also offers a 50% bonus. Conversely, Aragon imposes higher taxes for assets worth 800,000 euros, and Extremadura does the same for fortunes amounting to 4 million euros. Madrid remains unique with no wealth tax imposed, despite high asset values.

Inheritance and Gift Tax Considerations

Inheriting or receiving donations can have significant tax implications, varying across communities. Asturias imposes the highest inheritance tax rates, while Andalusia, Cantabria, and Galicia offer exemptions, resulting in no tax payable for beneficiaries. In terms of donations, Extremadura leads in tax collection, but Cantabria exempts residents entirely from this tax.

Tax Foundation Study Reveals Spain’s Most Tax Competitive Municipalities For 2022

Tax Foundation.org in collaboration with Fundación para el Avance de la Libertad published a report for 2022 ranking each of the Spanish regions based on their overall tax competitiveness.

Below you can see a list of each of the regions and their overall tax competitiveness ranking.

1. Madrid
2. Biscay (Basque Country)
3. Alava (Basque Country)
4. Guipuzcoa (Basque Country)
5. Canary Islands
6. Castile and Leon
7. Andalusia
8. Galicia
9. La Rioja
10. Murcia
11. Navarre
12. Castilla-La Mancha
13. Cantabria
14. Balearic Islands
15. Extremadura
16. Asturias
17. Aragon
18. Valencia Community
19. Catalonia

Source: Tax Foundation

Conclusion

In summary, Spain's tax landscape exhibits significant regional variations, emphasising the importance of understanding the tax implications before making decisions related to relocation or property investment.

Municipalities such as Boadilla del Monte, Majadahonda, Las Rozas, and Arrecife offer the most tax-friendly environments, while Madrid, the Basque Country, and the Canary Islands provide favourable conditions at the autonomous community level.

However, it is crucial for individuals to seek specialist advice to navigate the intricate fiscal and tax obligations specific to their personal situations. By staying informed, one can optimise their income and make informed decisions in Spain's diverse tax environment.

Source

https://taxfoundation.org/2022-spanish-regional-tax-competitiveness-index/
https://files.taxfoundation.org/20221010161830/IACF-2022-WEB.pdf
https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/5135997/0/donde-se-pagan-menos-impuestos-en-espana-municipios-mas-economicos/