Medications That Could Trigger Positive Results In Civil Guard Drug Tests

In Spain, the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) has been actively raising awareness about the incompatibility of certain drugs with driving. The DGT's campaigns emphasise that some medications can produce effects similar to harmful substances, prompting the Civil Guard to conduct drug tests on drivers. These controls are aimed at reducing accident rates and highlighting the dangers of driving under the influence of drugs.

The DGT has launched awareness campaigns to inform the public about the potential risks associated with specific medications and their impact on driving. It's highlighted that certain medications might lead to positive results in tests for harmful substances. This awareness campaign serves as a vital reminder for individuals to be cautious about the medications they take before getting behind the wheel.

Medications Leading to False Positives

A few years ago, the DGT compiled a list of medications that could pose a danger to driving, despite their beneficial effects on health. These medications include:-

• Anxiolytics
• Antidepressants
• Antihistamines
• Psychostimulants

Interestingly, these medications could trigger positive test results for THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol), often found in drugs derived from opium.

Why These Medications Affect Driving Ability

Notable symptoms associated with these medications are drowsiness, blurred vision, euphoria, sleep disturbances, and dizziness. These effects can significantly impair a driver's ability to maintain an optimal state for driving, especially in situations requiring quick reactions. The DGT stresses that even legally prescribed medicines can reduce coordination, slow reflexes, and impair decision-making on the road.

For a wider understanding of Spanish road rules, see our guide on 10 Spanish Traffic Laws You May Not Be Aware Of.

Common Over-the-Counter Drugs That May Interfere With Driving

Prominent among these medications is ibuprofen, which has been known to lead to failed drug tests. Other common OTC drugs — especially certain allergy tablets and cold medicines — may also cause drowsiness or test interference. The consequences of taking these medications and then operating a vehicle without a prescription can be severe, both legally and in terms of road safety.

Drivers should also be aware of situations that may result in fines or disciplinary actions, as explained in Driving in Spain: You Could Be Fined 3,000 Euros For Doing This.

Legal Penalties

If an individual tests positive for drugs during an arrest and fails to present a valid medical prescription, the penalties can be substantial. Fines of up to 1,000 euros might be imposed, along with the loss of 6 points from the driver's licence. Moreover, if reckless behaviour precedes the positive test, the penalty could escalate to a sentence ranging from 3 to 12 months in prison and a driving licence suspension of 1 to 4 years.

What Happens During a Roadside Drug Test

Civil Guard officers typically carry out saliva-based rapid tests. If the result is positive, a second sample is sent to a laboratory for confirmation. Drivers must remain aware that Spanish law applies a “zero tolerance” approach to drugs, meaning any trace of a prohibited substance without a valid prescription may result in sanctions.

Understanding how the Spanish points system works can also help drivers protect their licence. See our guide on Driving Licence Points in Spain: How the System Works.

Prescription Validity and Proof

The law allows drivers to carry medication and drive — provided they possess a legitimate medical prescription. Without this proof, the authorities will treat the case as a drug offence even if the substance came from legal medication.

Recommendations for Medication Users

For individuals taking these medications and intending to drive, it's crucial to carefully read the package insert. The package insert provides information about the potential effects of the medication on driving. Notably, effects that significantly interfere with driving are marked with a symbol depicting a car within a red triangle. If this symbol is present on the package, individuals should refrain from driving after taking the medication to ensure road safety.

Speak to Your Doctor or Pharmacist

Healthcare professionals in Spain are required to warn patients if a medication can affect driving. If in doubt, pharmacists can also clarify whether a treatment may cause drowsiness, blurred vision, delayed reaction times, or positive drug tests.

Keep Police-Ready Documentation

If you rely on medication regularly, always keep a copy of your prescription or digital proof in your car. This prevents misunderstandings during routine traffic checks.

Drivers renewing or applying for their licence can also read our guide on medical examinations for driving licence renewal.

Staying Compliant With Spanish Traffic Laws

Spain’s traffic rules are strict, especially regarding drug and alcohol controls. Medication-related driving offences fall under the same enforcement category as drug cases. If you believe a penalty has been issued unfairly, you can consult How to Appeal a Traffic Fine in Spain.

For drivers wanting a broader understanding of sanctions and fines, see Traffic Fines in Spain — Everything You Need to Know.

The DGT's efforts to raise awareness about the compatibility of medications with safe driving underscore the importance of responsible medication usage. Understanding the potential risks associated with certain drugs and their impact on driving can help individuals make informed decisions that prioritise road safety for themselves and others.

Final Thoughts

Medication and driving can be a dangerous combination if not managed properly. The DGT encourages all drivers — including expats adapting to Spain’s traffic system — to stay informed, read medication leaflets, and consult professionals when needed. Safe driving starts with knowing how your treatment affects your body.

For additional peace of mind on Spain’s roads, the Sanitas Top Quantum Plan includes full traffic accident cover and is ideal for regular drivers in Spain.

If you already live in Spain and simply want a great-value policy for everyday healthcare, you can compare options here: Affordable Sanitas Health Insurance.